r2i forum

Posted: **Wed Nov 07, 2012 11:06 pm**

Dear R2i Members

I have been running Free Ortho Opinion to the general public in R2i Since 2008.

Now, We , A Group of 60-70 consultants and Specialists from Various Super specialities, have come out with an NON Profit, GOOD SAMARITAN Organisation called

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com

The aim of the Organisation is to give FREE Medical -Second Opinion from ALL MEDICAL SPECIALITIES for the NEEDY people Back Home.

We are willing to offer FREE Medical second opinion to those who are not sure about their received diagnosis or treatment options.

The panel comprises a group of medical and surgical consultants and specialists working in various hospitals both in UK, US and around the globe with wide ranging super speciality experience.

As this is a Non Profit Organisation, We need Helping hands to spread the Word regarding this organisation to the General Public, so that the end product can reach the needy.

It will be a pity, if the End user is not aware of the service available. The only way the site can be made aware to the public will be through Advertisement.

We need advice and help from R2I members, to see whether we can get help to get the site known to public by means of

a. ADVERTSIEMENTS from charitable organisations, or

b. from people, who have contacts with Advertising agencies/ People, who will be able disseminate the Idea/ Aim of this Organisation, so that the General Public can be benefit from the organisation.

R2i members help and advice will be much appreciated.

Also, R2i Doctor members, Who want to contribute Via our Good Samaritan Organisation is welcome to Join as Panel members.

Also, Non Doctor, R2i members , who are willing to contribute, by any Specific means to this Good Samaritan Organisation , is welcome to join the group and Tech Panel Members.

Many Thanks in advance for your willingness to participate in a Good Samaritan Act.

R2i members can reach us on [email protected]

Dr Ortho..........

Posted: **Mon Nov 12, 2012 3:41 pm**

[h=5]Warm Welcome to Dr Balan,Consultant Paediatric Rhuematologist Who has been Superspecialising in Paediatric Rheumatology for many number of years and has joined our site, to offer, Free Medical Second Opinion to needy, via our website[/h]
http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/team-view/dr-suma-balan-paediatric-rheumatologist-mbbs-md-mrcpch-uk/

Posted: **Mon Nov 12, 2012 5:50 pm**

[h=1]First Aid in Epileptic Fit[/h]

[h=3]During any sort of seizure/fits:[/h]

[h=3]During a convulsion (when the muscles rhythmically tighten and relax):[/h]

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/medical-speciality/pediatrics/first-aid-in-epileptic-fit/

Posted: **Tue Nov 13, 2012 1:39 am**

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/medical-speciality/orthopedics/degenerative-disc-disease/

Degenerative Disc Disease

What is Degenerative disc disease?

Degenerative condition is an aging process of the spine. As humans we age as we grow. Our spine is put under extremes of stress and strain in the various events of our life. We walk upright and the gravity acts on our spine leading onto stress and strain in the spine and the spine degeneration happens.

When does the degeneration in the spine start?

The degeneration starts the day the human is born. The famous pathologist Boyd quotes “you start to degenerate the day you are born”.

Will trauma cause degeneration of the spine?

In most cases, trauma manifests the symptoms of the underlying degenerative condition. However, repeated misuse of the spine secondary to spine unfriendly activities in the form heavy weightlifting, bending forwards from the spine rather than bending from the hip and the knee, increased intra abdominal pressure while in jerks, poor posture, etc, can cause spinal degeneration.

What are the signs and symptoms of spine degenerative disc disease?

Most disc degenerative condition presents itself insidiously. The symptoms start as a dull ache to begin with. To begin with this manifest as an occasional mild achy back and over a period of time this becomes a chronic pain in the back. There will be exacerbations and remissions of symptoms depending upon the lifestyle activities.
As discussed earlier, in many cases the disc degenerative disease manifests itself for the first time following an acute trauma. Most patients think that it was the trauma that caused the degenerative disc disease; However, the trauma becomes a platform in the manifestations of the symptoms of the underlying degenerative causes in majority of the condition.

What is the natural history of the disease of spinal disc degeneration?

This is an aging process of the spine and the degeneration of the disc will gradually carry on for the rest of the life. However, whether the symptoms are going to go hand in hand with the disc degeneration is nobody’s guesswork. There will be exacerbations and remissions of the symptoms. Provided the degenerated disc is kept happy by following the rules and regulations of good spinal practice, the symptoms will be under control. Provided the patient follows spine unfriendly activities, the patient will be having exacerbated symptoms of the disc problem.

What are the types of disc degeneration?

The types of disc degeneration can be

[LIST=1]

Dehydration of the disc.

Annular tear.

Disc bulge.

Acute disc prolapse.

Chronic disc prolapse.

[/LIST]
What is annular tear?

Annulus is a ring of collagen fibers that holds the inner content of the disc which is the nucleus pulposus. In case of the degenerated disc, a minor trauma can cause annular tear. Also the disc degeneration itself in majority of the cases causes annular tear. This condition manifests as acute central low back pain.

What is disc bulge?

Disc bulge is a condition where the back side of the disc bulges out of its original position putting pressure slightly on the spinal cord or on the cauda equina. The patient might present with back pain or leg symptoms depending upon the amount of pressure noted.

What is acute disc prolapse?

Acute disc prolapse is a condition where the nucleus pulposus (the gel like substance lying in the disc) herniates through the posterior aspect and causes compromise of the spinal cord or on the nerve roots. The patient presents with acute sciatic like symptoms with acute severe back pain.

What is chronic disc prolapse?

By the natural history of the disease the disc that has prolapsed over a period of time loses its water content and dehydrates in itself and shrinks. However, in some conditions the disc that is protruded out does not shrink or can cause scar tissue or can itself become adherent to the underlying spinal cord or to the nerves causing chronic symptoms.

What is dehydration of the disc?

A normal disc is greyish white and elliptical. When the disc loses its water content then the condition is called as dehydration of the disc. The disc essentially consists of 82% – 85% of water. With age, the disc loses its water content and becomes brittle. This is the first stage of degeneration of the disc. The patient can manifest with back pain because of the degeneration of the disc.

What are the investigations available for symptomatic disc degeneration?

The investigations available are:
X-ray of the spine.
MRI scan.
Discography procedures.
In the MRI scan of the spine, there will be various stages of degeneration of the disc starting from:

[LIST=1]

Dehydration of the disc.

Annular tear.

Disc bulge.

Disc prolapse.

End-plate changes in the form of modic type 1 and type 2 changes.

End-plate sclerosis.

Bone on bone appearance of the vertebrae.

The pressure will be transmitted on to the posterior facet joint leading onto facet joint arthropathy.
[/LIST]

What are the treatment options available for degenerative disc disease?

The treatment options depend upon the symptom presentation of the patient. The symptoms can be acute back pain, chronic back pain, sciatic symptoms. The treatment options available for degenerative disc disease are:

[LIST=1]

Accepting is a way of life with lifestyle modification and getting along with life. Lifestyle modification is the most important treatment in degenerative disc disease. Following disc principles in spinal practice with spine friendly activities is very vital.

Physical treatment options in the form of physiotherapy, acupuncture, acupressure, yoga, pilates, swimming, cycling, osteopathy, chiropractor, etc. This group of medicine is symptomatic way of temporarily controlling the manifestation of the symptoms of the underlying disc degeneration. This is not a cure.

Painkillers.

Pain management clinic in the form of injection treatments, denervation procedures, and advanced pain management modalities.

Surgical intervention depending upon the presentation of the symptoms in the form of discectomy, decompression, instrumented fusion, stabilization, disc replacement and plethora of other surgical interventional procedures available.
[/LIST]

I am young, I am 16 years old, I have degenerative condition of the spine. What is going to be my future?

As discussed earlier, degeneration of the disc may begin from the day when we are born. Hence nobody is exempt from degenerative disc disease. Of course, the degeneration of the disc will get worse over a period of time but whether the symptoms are going to go hand in hand with the degeneration of the disc will be nobody’s guesswork. Provided the patient follows the good principles of spinal practice in the form of avoiding bending forwards, avoiding heavy weight lifting, avoiding aggravating factors, avoiding any activity that is going to increase the intra-abdominal pressure and by avoiding jerks, the symptoms will be under control. It is all about following good principles in spinal practice.

What is the prognosis for degenerative disc disease?

The prognosis for degenerative disc disease would be good provided the patient who suffers from degenerative disc disease adapts appropriate lifestyle modification. Provided good principles of lifestyle modification are adapted, the symptoms will be under control. Provided the patient does not follow the principles of good spinal lifestyle modification then there will be exacerbations of the symptoms. Exacerbations and remissions of symptoms depending upon the lifestyle activities.
Degenerative disc disease is not an indication for early retirement or not working. However, this is an indication for lifestyle modification and ergonomic arrangements.

Posted: **Wed Nov 14, 2012 2:58 am**

Want to Know more about Anaesthesia??

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/medical-speciality/anaesthesia/various-types-of-anaesthesia/

Various Types Of Anaesthesia

Anaesthesia stops you feeling pain and other sensations. It can be given in various ways and does not always make you unconscious. Anaesthesia is an essential part to carry out the surgical treatment.

Types of anaesthesia

Local anaesthesia involves injections which numb a small part of your body. You stay conscious but free from pain.

Regional anaesthesia involves injections which numb a larger or deeper part of the body. You stay conscious but free from pain.

General anaesthesia gives a state of controlled unconsciousness. It is essential for some operations. You are unconscious and feel nothing.

Who Are Anaesthetist?

Anaesthetists are doctors with specialist training who:

● discuss types of anaesthesia with you and find out what you would like, helping you to make choices
● discuss the risks of anaesthesia with you
● agree a plan with you for your anaesthetic and pain control
● are responsible for giving your anaesthetic and for your wellbeing and safety throughout your surgery
● manage any blood transfusions you may need
● plan your care, if needed, in the Intensive Care Unit
● make your experience as calm and pain free as possible.

Posted: **Wed Nov 14, 2012 11:59 pm**

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/medical-speciality/anaesthesia/what-happens-on-the-day-of-operation/

[h=1][/h]

On the day of your operation

Your anaesthetist will meet you before your operation and will:
● ask you about your health
● discuss with you which types of anaesthetic can be used
● discuss with you the benefits, risks and your preferences

The choice of anaesthetic depends on:
●Your operation
●Your answers to the questions you have been asked
●Your physical condition
●Your preferences and the reasons for them
●Your anaesthetist?s recommendations for you and the reasons for them
●The equipment, staff and other resources at your hospital.

Nothing will happen to you until you understand and agree with what has been planned for you. You have the right to refuse if you do not want the treatment suggested or if you want more information or more time to decide.
When you are called for your operation
●A member of nurse or theatre assistant will go with you to the theatre.
●A parent will normally go with a child.
●You can wear your glasses, hearing aids and dentures until you are in the anaesthetic room. If you are having a local or regional anaesthetic, you may keep them on.
● Jewellery and decorative piercing should ideally be removed. If you cannot remove your jewellery, it can be covered with tape to prevent damage to it or to your skin.
●Most people go to theatre on a bed or trolley. You may be able to walk. If you are walking, you will need clean clothing and slippers.
●Theatre staff will check your identification bracelet, your name and date of birth, and will ask you about other details in your medical records as a final check that you are having the right operation.
The operating department (?theatres?)
Your anaesthetic will start in the operating theatre. The anaesthetist will attach machines which measure your heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen levels.
For many anaesthetics, including some types of local anaesthetic, a needle is used to put a cannula (thin plastic tube) into a vein in the back of your hand or arm.

Premedication (a ?premed?) is the name for drugs which are given before some anaesthetics. Some premeds prepare your body for the anaesthetic, others help you to relax. They may make you drowsier after the operation. If you want to go home on the same day, this may be delayed. If you think a premed would help you, ask your anaesthetist.
A needle may be used to start your anaesthetic.
If this worries you, you can ask to have a local anaesthetic cream put on your arm to numb the skin before you leave the ward. The ward nurses should be able to do this.
If you are having a local or regional anaesthetic, you will also need to decide whether you would prefer to:
● be fully alert
● be relaxed and sleepy (sedation) Sedation is the use of small amounts of anaesthetic or similar drugs to produce a ?sleepy-like? state.
● have a general anaesthetic as well.

Local and regional anaesthetics
●Your anaesthetist will ask you to keep while the injections are given.
●You may notice a warm tingling feeling as the anaesthetic begins to take effect.
●Your operation will only go ahead when you and your anaesthetist are sure that the area is numb.
●If you are not having sedation you will remain alert and aware of your surroundings. A screen shields the operating site, so you will not see the operation.
●Your anaesthetist is always near to you and you can speak to him or her whenever you want to.

General anaesthetics
There are two ways of starting a general anaesthetic.
●Anaesthetic drugs may be injected into a vein through the cannula (this is generally used for adults)
●You can breathe anaesthetic gases and oxygen through a mask, which you may hold if you prefer. Once you are unconscious, an anaesthetist stays with you at all times and continues to give you drugs to keep you anaesthetised.
As soon as the operation is finished, the drugs will be stopped or reversed so that you regain consciousness. You will always wakeup after an anaesthetic unless there is a very serious complication ( extremely rare event).
share

Posted: **Fri Nov 16, 2012 4:38 pm**

WE as a Team, need help from Good Samaritan Willing Volunteers who will be able to make this Organisation reach the public, So that , THE PUBLIC, who may be in NEED can Reap the Benefits.
Suggestions are welcome.

WE can form a Panel of members who will be able to Volunteer this role

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/

[URL="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=366787780079707&set=a.366787776746374.87572.350787878346364&type=1&relevant_count=1"]

[/URL]

Posted: **Sun Nov 18, 2012 2:53 pm**

Warm Welcome to Dr Banchita Sahu,Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist with special Interest in Infertility who has been working in the NHS for many number of years and has joined our site, to offer, Free Medical Second Opinion to needy, via our website

http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/team-view/dr-banchita-sahu-specialist-interest-in-infertility/

[URL="http://www.iwantsecondopinion.com/team-view/dr-banchita-sahu-specialist-interest-in-infertility/"]

Dr Banchita Sahu, Specialist Interest in Infertility.
www.iwantsecondopinion.com
» Dr Banchita Sahu, Specialist Interest in Infertility. | Second Opinion for patients, medical professionals and medical

[/URL]

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Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion

Help from R2I members- Free Medical Second Opinion- iwantsecondopinion